Originally posted by Thriller
Again, with my limited experience, it seems to me that one of the pitfalls of the US system is that it has developed a distinct 2-party system. In Australia we also have 2 major political parties, one of who is always in power. However, we have a number of smaller parties, 3 of which are usually represented at least in the senate and sometimes in the lower house.
Again, with my limited experience, it seems to me that one of the pitfalls of the US system is that it has developed a distinct 2-party system. In Australia we also have 2 major political parties, one of who is always in power. However, we have a number of smaller parties, 3 of which are usually represented at least in the senate and sometimes in the lower house.
In a US-style first-past-the-post voting system, each voter casts one vote for one candidate, and the candidate that gets the most votes wins. Simple.
In an Australian-style preferential voting system, each voter ranks the candidates according to which they'd prefer to see in office. If one of the candidates has a majority of the first-preference votes, they go straight in. Otherwise, the candidate with the least first-preference votes is chucked out, and the votes of those who voted for them are redistributed according to their second preferences. This is repeated until one candidate ends up with a clear majority.
Now, consider what this means to a third party trying to break into a two-party system. They campaign a bit, and find that quite a lot of people like their platform. Let's look at what happens in the US.
On voting day, someone goes to the ballot box and thinks. He'd like to vote for the third party, but he's afraid that if he does, his much-disliked major party A will beat major party B. So, he votes for major party B instead of the third party, despite the fact that he likes their policies less. Thousands of people follow the same logic, and the third party gets almost no votes.
In Australia, he votes for the third party as his first preference, and major party B as his second preference. The third party gets a whole bunch of first-preference votes, which shows up in the statistics later, and might even win a seat or two. And if they don't, our voter's vote goes to major party B instead, making sure that those evil As don't get into office.
Of course, there are downsides to preferential voting, not the least of which is voter confusion. But they don't seem to be crippling problems, even in Australia where compulsory voting presumably lowers the average commitment of the voters.
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