The barbarian attack bonus (or penalty, at low play levels) applies only to barbs, and only when they're attacking -- not on defense.
The real formula for battle resolution, my second point above, applies across the board, so the advantage or disadvantage of any attacker or defender is actually greater than you would expect. Power inequalities are emphasized.
I suppose the AI always attacks settlers &engineers first for the same reasons that it attacks dips & spies and caravans & freights first -- they're easy targets, and they're usually much more valuable than military units.
The real formula for battle resolution, my second point above, applies across the board, so the advantage or disadvantage of any attacker or defender is actually greater than you would expect. Power inequalities are emphasized.
I suppose the AI always attacks settlers &engineers first for the same reasons that it attacks dips & spies and caravans & freights first -- they're easy targets, and they're usually much more valuable than military units.
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