They're not necessarily the same, but who cares? Grandparents can do things for kids that parents cannot; should we not allow people whose parents have diesd to have children? Brothers and sisters can do things for each other that children without siblings will never experience; should we mandate at least two children for households that want any children at all? Where does this end, exactly?
Mothers and fathers should stay with their kids and help raise their kids together, we shouldn't be going around and telling fathers that they are worthless or even unnecessary to properly raise a child.
Beyond that, though, I actually think the number of things a mother can do that a father can't, or vice versa, is very, very small; it's smaller still if you're trying to find things unique to the mother-daughter or father-son relationship (and I speak here as the father of a teenage daughter).
I would also say the same for fathers and their sons. Fathers know how their own sons feel at certain stages in their life because they went through the same stages.
In fact, I'd speculate that most Westerners, for most of human history, have been raised without a mother and/or a father. First, take into account the number of women who have historically died in childbirth. Next, take into account the long, long history of men having absolutely nothing to do with raising their children. Finally, for a certain class anyway (past and present), take into account the practice of handing the kids over to a nanny to be raised.
The Leave-It-To-Beaver view of children ebing raised by two involved parents is an historical anomoly and a far cry from actual, historical practices of childrearing. I think two involved parents is a fine idea -- its how we do things in our family -- but to call that the "traditional" family, as opponents of gay parenting and single-sex parenting often do, is just nonsense.
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