It led to war
Does modern China still have this problem? I say no, but then again I am ignorant of China's current drug situation.
and the undermining of Chinese soverignity.
This one is completely on the British for being the bad guy. They were "conveniently" shipping Opium into China in HUGE ships alongside regular goods, making sure any attempt to enforce anti-Opium drug laws became complex.
The Opium Wars were over greed, as the British were making a fortune from it.
Regarding its legality, I see the Pharmacy Act of 1868 restricted its use to only licensed pharmacists, so I stand corrected. Do you have more information on the year 1878? (I can't find it).
One final note is that the Chinese banned Opium in response to its deterimental effects, so there was a period of time in the late 18th century where it was used legally there.
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