Yes, beneficial mutations happen.
An example is the Ames test for carcinogens. A carcinogen causes mutations (that's what cancer is, a mutation which causes uncontrolled replication of cells). In the test, a suspected carcinogen is added to a culture of bacteria which cannot digest lactose. If the substance is mutagenic, some of the mutants can develop this ability, and will thrive if lactose is present.
Another example of beneficial mutation is the nylon-eating bacterium. This needs nylon to survive, and nylon did not exist before 1937. Therefore the ability could not have been present in the population, it is the result of mutation (and genetic analysis has shown exactly what type of mutation in which gene).
As for Noah's Ark: people are always finding Noah's Ark on Ararat, and it's always just another rock formation.
An example is the Ames test for carcinogens. A carcinogen causes mutations (that's what cancer is, a mutation which causes uncontrolled replication of cells). In the test, a suspected carcinogen is added to a culture of bacteria which cannot digest lactose. If the substance is mutagenic, some of the mutants can develop this ability, and will thrive if lactose is present.
Another example of beneficial mutation is the nylon-eating bacterium. This needs nylon to survive, and nylon did not exist before 1937. Therefore the ability could not have been present in the population, it is the result of mutation (and genetic analysis has shown exactly what type of mutation in which gene).
As for Noah's Ark: people are always finding Noah's Ark on Ararat, and it's always just another rock formation.
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