Another key element of monarchy is the linkage with religion. In the little scifi that I've seen / read, religion has little influence, at least on the political system. However, during the times of absolute monarchy, religion was instrumental to get the people's loyalty.
It is possible that space colonization brings much uncertainty at all levels to mankind. In such circumstances, religion will strengthen, and the need of a 'strong man' as well. A strong ruler pretended to be the envoy of God / Gods / Pink Unicorn or whatever may emerge and found a hereditary or semi-hereditary monarchy. It is imaginable he decides who is his successor (the next envoy of God) the same way the Dalai Lama does.
It is possible that space colonization brings much uncertainty at all levels to mankind. In such circumstances, religion will strengthen, and the need of a 'strong man' as well. A strong ruler pretended to be the envoy of God / Gods / Pink Unicorn or whatever may emerge and found a hereditary or semi-hereditary monarchy. It is imaginable he decides who is his successor (the next envoy of God) the same way the Dalai Lama does.
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