Originally posted by loinburger
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Here's the second, more sophisticated way: Someone steals a credit card number, and sells it to a credit card number wholesaler. There's a huge and complicated secondary market on the internet for stolen credit card numbers. Thieves get the numbers, then sell them to the people who package them and sell them to the people that then use them to actually steal stuff. Some people make a living doing this but rarely the people on the number collection end of it. That part from what I understand can work a couple of ways: The most common way is some service worker (stereotypical example being a waiter) gets a credit card to pay for something, but before swiping it on the vendor's card reader, he swipes it on his own reader and keeps the number and then after he's kept several he sells them as a package to a wholesaler. There's actually market price for stolen credit card numbers, amusingly they're bought and traded much like a financial instrument. The restaurant worker example is usually found out pretty quick, since as soon as the stolen numbers are used and the card owners report the fraudulent charges the bank will notice that all of them are coming from the same place and notify the vendor. Doesn't stop people from trying it. Other ways involve hacking like in the Target and Chik Fil A case.
In all these circumstances the perpetrators end up being found out and defeated fairly quickly by basic statistics. Still, it's a major cost to card companies and vendors. I think that banks would probably like to force vendors to update all their cardreaders, since it costs them a lot of money--US cards are actually more valuable on the aforementioned stolen number market than European cards because of the relative lack of security. However the risk to the consumer is actually fairly low, since for the most part banks, card companies and vendors are the ones who eat the cost.
Take with a grain of salt since I could be wrong about a lot of this, most of this is just stuff I've heard secondhand from friends who work at banks.
EDIT: Oh yeah I think part of the reason US cards are more valuable is because for some reason the transaction takes longer to approve (and consequently decline) when the card gets used overseas, but I'm not sure
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