Everything on Hex Editing

[Allard HS]

Everything that is commonly knowledge about hex-editing and a lot of new stuff.

Updated 26th May, 15th May and 20th June.
See later posts for details on what's updated when.

If you wish to save this on disk, and do not wish some formatting to be lost, it is best to edit this post and copy-paste it.

HEX-EDITING SAVED GAMES:

By various authors, mentioned where appropriate.
This text may be copied freely without permission.


LAYOUT OF A SAVED GAME:
=======================
     Hex offsets are given, until map information, from where
     the values are no longer fixed.

   00 -   2F = toggled options, various player settings
   30 -  109 = unidentified or empty
  10A -  141 = Wonders location (with city ID)
  142 -  247 = unidentified or empty
  248 -  8E5 = 7 blocks of each F2 bytes long with city style
               information, leader and tribe names for all 7 civs
  8E6 - 3585 = 8 blocks of each 593 (in hex) bytes long with
               various information, like money and techs (a lot
               still unidentified) for all 8 civs (incl. barbarians)
 3586 - 3594 = map header information
  ...        = map data block 1 (continues a very long time)
  ...        = map data block 2 (quite long too)
  ...        = map data block 3 
  ...        = unit information
  ...        = city information
  ...        = unidentified, and other info such as where the
               screen is centred or the cursor is located
  ...        = a bit of text on how the scenario is called, and
               probably a bit of history (who's wiped out, etc.)
  ...        = event stuff (starts with EVNT, easy to find)

START OF SAVED GAME FILE:
=========================
   (source Allard Höfelt)
   (Xin Yu found out about byte 2F toggling civ to be played)
   (Captain Nemo found out the civs that are in play in byte 2E)

A     : 27 : Conflicts in Civilization or lower
        28 : Fantastic Worlds (2.7.81)
        2C : Multiplayer Gold
        31 : Test of Time
C     : 1... .... = bloodlust on/off
        .1.. ....
        ..1. ....
        ...1 .... = simplified combat on/off
        .... 1...
        .... .1..
        .... ..1.
        .... ...1
D     : 1... .... = flat/round world
        .1.. ....
        ..1. ....
        ...1 ....
        .... 1...
        .... .1..
        .... ..1.
        .... ...1 = don't restart if eliminated on/off
E     : 1... .... = move units without mouse on/off
        .1.. .... = enter closes city screen on/off
        ..1. .... = grid on/off
        ...1 .... = sound effects on/off
        .... 1... = music on/off
        .... .1..
        .... ..1.
        .... ...1
F     : 1... .... = cheat menu on/off
        .1.. .... = always wait at end of turn on/off
        ..1. .... = autosave each turn on/off
        ...1 .... = show enemy moves on/off
        .... 1... = no pause after enemy moves on/off
        .... .1.. = fast piece slide on/off
        .... ..1. = instant advice on/off
        .... ...1 = tutorial help on/off
10    : 1... ....
        .1.. ....
        ..1. .... = animated heralds on/off
        ...1 .... = High Council on/off
        .... 1... = civilopedia for advances on/off
        .... .1.. = throne room graphics on/off
        .... ..1. = diplomacy screen graphics on/off
        .... ...1 = wonder movies on/off
14    : ...1 .... = cheat penalty/warning on/off
        .1.. .... = scenario file yes/no (no effect really)
16    : 1... .... = announce "we love the king day" on/off
        .1.. .... = warn when food dangerously low on/off
        ..1. .... = announce cities in disorder on/off
        ...1 .... = announce order restored in city on/off
        .... 1... = show non-combat units built on/off
        .... .1.. = show invalid build instructions on/off
        .... ..1. = warn when city growth halted on/off
        .... ...1 = show city improvements built on/off
17    : .... ....
        .... .1.. = zoom to city not default action on/off
        .... ..1. = warn when new pollution occurs on/off
        .... ...1 = warn when changing production will cost shields on/off
1C-1D = number of turns passed
1E-1F = number of turns passed to calculate game year in pop-ups, status bar, etc.
22-23 = specifies which unit is selected at start of the game
            (you can find the unit id number by playing another civ, revealing
            the map and right clicking on the unit. On the right, the id is
            shown between parentheses)
27    = changes which human player is used
28    = player's map which is used
29    = player's civilization number used
2A    = changes with map used. Sometimes FF
2B    = map revealed or not
2C    = difficulty level [deity=5, emperor=4, etc.]
2D    = barbarian activity
2E    = number of civs still in play [binary]
2F    = human player played (can be more than one) [binary]
        toggling this byte is great and allows Hotseat mode in FW!!!
32    = amount of polution. 7F is maximum, and will certainly cause global
        temperature rising at the end of the turn. A value of 80 till FF
        is a negative amount (still shows the icon for global rising),
        but it will be reset to 00 at the end of the turn.
33    = amount of times that a global temperature rising has been
        happening this far in the game. 7F is maximum and will make the
        whole world a big swamp when the next global temperature rising
        occurs. 80 or higher will prevent any global rising from happening.
        At the moment when terrain should be changed, nothing happens, and
        byte 32 is restored to 00, though a message still pops up. Byte 33
        will remain at what it was, so it is not reset.
38    = number of turns of peace (counts only after 200th turn)

WONDERS:
========
   (source Allard Höfelt)

Near the start of the saved game, on offset 10A until 141 are given the
locations of all wonders. All 28 wonders have 2 bytes, so in total the
block for all wonders is 56 bytes long.
 If the 2 bytes for a wonder are
    - FF FF : the wonder has not yet been built.
    - EF FF : the wonder is destroyed (original city is not stored).
    - otherwise the number is the city ID number. 00 00 the first city, etc.


TRIBES:
=======
   (source unknown)

The information is stored in 7 blocks (not for barbarians) of F2 length.
The blocks start and end at:
 248-339 - 1st block
 33A-42B - 2nd   "
 42C-51D - 3rd   "
 51E-60F - 4th   "
 610-701 - 5th   "
 702-7F3 - 6th   "
 7F4-8E5 - 7th   "

These 7 blocks are all filled with 00's except for a few names and numbers.
These are:

       City Style        - directly at start of block, one byte long
       Leader Name       - 3rd byte from start (eg. 250, 341..), 23 bytes long
       Tribe Name        - 1Ath (26th in decimals) byte from start, 23 bytes long
       Adjective         - 32th (50th in decimals) byte from start, 23 bytes long

note: City Styles can be any city style, including industrial and modern,
      even though without the required advances.
      You can even fill in higher numbers here, which however produce
      strange effect (as it does everywhere) and may cause the game to
      crash.

TECHNOLOGIES & MONEY:
=====================
   (source Allard Höfelt)

Byte 8EF until 3585 is devided in 8 blocks of each 593 bytes. Each of
these blocks contain information specific for each civ, such as techs
and money. A lot more in these blocks has as yet not been idendified.

The blocks all start at these offset bytes:
Block of 0th civ:  8E6 -  E79     (barbarians)
 "       1st civ:  E7A - 140D
 "       2nd civ: 140E - 19A1
 "       3rd civ: 19A2 - 1F35
 "       4th civ: 1F36 - 24C9
 "       5th civ: 24CA - 2A5D
 "       6th civ: 2A5E - 2FF1
 "       7th civ: 2FF2 - 3585

Counted from the start of each block:
 note: the number given here are all hexadecimals, so the
       16th byte in hexadecimal is the 22nd in decimal.

byte 2  - Gender. Male=00 Female=02

byte 3  - Money. The barbarians' money is also changeable.

byte 9  - Research progress. Also updates the colour of research
          indicator in status bar on the right.

byte B  - Tech which is being researched. FF if cleared or no goal.

byte 15 - Percentages to tax, science and luxuries.

byte 16 - Government. Valid values are 00-07 (though 07 does
          not normally exist). A value of 08 or higher causes
          the game to crash. 00 is of course Anarchy, 01 is
          Despotism, etc.
          You can give the barbarians Democracy (06) to prevent
          their cities being subverted.

byte 1F - Reputation

byte 25-40 - Treaties. 4 bytes for the treaties with all 7
             civs (including their own civ).

                1st byte: .... ...1 - contact
                          .... ..1. - cease fire
                          .... .1.. - peace
                          .... 1... - alliance (with peace always)
                          ...1 .... - vendetta
                          1... .... - embassy
                2nd byte: ..1. .... - war
                          .... .1.. - ???? used by game
                3rd byte: ..1. .... - ???? used by game
                4th byte:             ????
                then the 1st byte for the next civ, for all 7 civs.

             note: you can also combine them, eg. war and alliance
                   at the same time. They will repair your units,
                   but talk with you as if in war. Some more strange
                   effects.

byte 42-48 - Attitudes. Byte 42 is attitude to 1st player,
             43 is to 2nd player, etc.

byte 59-64 - Technologies. B (11) bytes long.
   To explain how the bytes work, an example of the first
   technology byte:
     .... ...1 : 1st technology
     .... ..1. : 2nd    "
     .... .1.. : 3rd    "
     .... 1... : 4th    "
     ...1 .... : 5th    "
     ..1. .... : 6th    "
     1... .... : 7th    "
   In the next byte are the 8th-14th technolgy. Note that for
   some reason the .1.. .... is left out. This is not the case
   in each of these bytes, though. I don't know why.
   Though it's fun to know how it works, it is much much easier
   to set techs using the cheat menu.

byte 67-68 - military demographics value.

byte 3E5-3F2 - last contact with civs. First two to 1st civ,
               3rd and 4th for 2nd civ, etc.
               FF FF if not available, 01 00 for 1, etc.
            note: It may be that the FF FF in byte 3E3 and 3E4
                  are for last contact with barbarians, but that
                  is not verifiable.


MAPS:
=====
   (see Jorrit Vermeiren's Maps explanation)

UNITS INFORMATION:
==================
   (source Allard Höfelt)

Located right before the city information. It may be handy to set you hex editor
to show 13/26 bytes per row, so that a unit is exactly 2/1 rows under the one
before him. The units are numbered (right click on a unit and you'll see its id
number) according to the way they're ordered in here.

Find specific unit by toggling eg. veteran status. Alternatively, search for
the location of the unit by searching the x and y coordinates. If your unit is
located at (88,46) look for the hex value 58 00 2E 00.

01-02 = horizontal coordinates of unit
          (NOTE: the unit is invisible if moved, unless the terrain it now
                 occupies has the "contains unit" flag toggled on. See terrains)
03-04 = vertical coordinates of unit (same NOTE as with horizontal)
06    : 1... .... = adds a grey star to the shield, no apparent function
        ..1. .... = toggles veteran
07    = unit type (counted in rules.txt, 00=settler, 01=engineer, etc.)
08    = owning civilization
11    = number of hitpoints lost
12    = ?? does change 
14    = caravan commodity
        (00 hides, 01 wool, ..., 0A uranium, F0 food supply, rest makes no sense)
16    = orders:
     01 : fortify (not yet fortified, but ordered to do so)
     02 : fortified
     03 : sentry
     04 : build fortress
     05 : builds road/railroad
     06 : builds irrigation
     07 : builds mine
     08 : transform terrain
     09 : cleans up pollution
     0A : builds airbase
     0B : go to (see number 19-20 and 21-22)
     FF : no orders (can also fill in any other number for no orders, but computer uses FF)
17    = home city with number is city number (FF is none)
            (You can find out the city number with for example "find city". If all cities
             that are on the map are listed, you can simply count them to find the number)
19-20 = horizontal coordinate of "go-to" command
21-22 = vertical coordinate of "go-to" command
23-24 = link to ?id?'s of other units to be drawn in the same square on top of the unit
                (works very strange)
25-26 = link to ?id?'s of other units to be drawn in the same square under the unit
                (works very strange)

at location 27, the next unit starts


CITIES:
=======
   (source Andrew Livings and Xin Yu)

Search for the city names located near the end of the save game.
The city name itself starts on the 33th hex numbers pair.


01-02 = vertical coordinates of city
03-04 = horizontal coordinates of city
05    : 1... .... can build coastal improvements
        ...1 .... denotes auto-build under military rule
        .... 1... denotes stolen tech
        .... .1.. denotes improvement sold
        .... ..1. denotes "we love the king day"
        .... ...1 denotes civil disorder
07    : ..1. .... can build ships (only if coastal flag is checked)
08    : ...1 .... denotes objective x3
        .... .1.. denotes objective x1 (if used both it will be x2)
09    = city owner [00-07 (don't use >7)]
10    = city size (negative sizes cultivate no squares but produce food)
11    = who originally built the city [00-07]
15-21 = working city production squares??
23-26 = specialists, 4 hex positions representing 16 base 4 numbers representing specialists
          0=none, 1=elvis, 2=tax, 3=sci.
          example: 06000000, first hex 06=1*4+2: 1 taxman and 1 elvis
27-28 = food in food box (FF=famine)
29-30 = shields in shield box
31-32 = net trade (not including those from trade routes)
33-47 = city name buffer [15 characters, end with a 00]
48    = 00, city name cannot exceed 15 characters
49    = workers in inner circle (8 squares next to city square) [ff=all worked]
50    = workers on 8 of the outer circle
51    = workers on 4 of the outer circle
        [first digit is always 1, the second digit represents the 4 working positions]
52    = number of specialists times 4 [eg. 08=2 specialists]
53-57 = city improvements:
        1... .... is 7th improvement
        .1.. .... is 6th improvement
        ..1. .... is 5th improvement
        ...1 .... is 4th improvement
        .... 1... is 3rd improvement
        .... .1.. is 2nd improvement
        .... ..1. is 1st improvement
58    = item in production (can be used to force production)
               [units 00-3f]
               (improvements are inversed [FF=1st FE=2nd etc])
59    = number of active trade routes [decimal, can also be >03]
60-62 = 1st, 2nd and 3rd trade commodities available
           - [00-0F (are 1st-15th in rules.txt)]
           - supplied trade goods, eg (Coal), are inverse values.
             eg., commodity 13 is already supplied, the value is F3 (-13)
           - if in paranthesis use FF compliment (can force trade commodity
             eg., 0F=Uranium, F0 = (Uranium), which is ff-0f
63-65 = 1st, 2nd and 3rd trade commodities demanded
66-68 = 1st, 2nd and 3rd trade commodities in route
69-74 = 1st, 2nd and 3rd trade route partner city number (city number is 85th-86th position)
75-76 = science
77-78 = tax
79-80 = number of trade icons (including trade routes)
81    = total food production
82    = total shield production
83    = number of happy citizen
84    = number of unhappy citizen (double unhappy count twice??)
85-86 = sequence number of this city, used to idendify the city. Very useful!
87-88 = ?? always 0000 ??


OTHER
=====
   (source Allard Höfelt)

- 3C-3F bytes after the last city has been finished are the coordinates of the cursor.

- 3B1-3B2 bytes after the last city has been finished are the zoom factors. For zooming
          in, change byte 3B1 only. For zooming out, change byte 3B2 to FF and lower
          the value of byte 3B1 beginning with FF.
           note: F9 FF is the lowest zoom you can get. Lowering it further causes
                 the game to crash. There is no limitation when zooming in.

- 583-58A control the size of the city screen.

[This message has been edited by Allard HS (edited June 20, 2000).]

[Xin Yu]

Allard: Great job! If you attach an example it would be even better.

[Harlan]

Allard, hey some really GREAT work here! This should definitely be made a scenario league tip before it gets lost as an old forum post.

Some stuff could use a bit more clarification though. For instance, what happens when you change the sequence number of a city? What happens if you say, give a high total food value of a city siting in a desert? Will the game get wise at some point and recalibrate that number, leading to sudden starvation? On the city architecture byte, is that permanent even if techs leading to industrial or modern style are discovered later?

[Panda]

quote: TRIBES:======= (source is from common knowledge) 2 before tribename = city style can be any city style, including industrial and modern without the required advances.

That will be very useful.

But I'm a bit confused by this:

quote: C : 1... .... = bloodlust on/off .1.. .... ..1. .... ...1 .... = simplified combat on/off .... 1... .... .1.. .... ..1. .... ...1

How does that translate into the hex value we use, please?

[Allard HS]

Please note that these values are not all my work. Only there where my name stands on top has been found by me. The rest I simply assembled from all other information available. Therefore I also do not understand all of it, especially the city sequence numbers. Ask that Xin or Andrew.

quote: On the city architecture byte, is that permanent even if techs leading to industrial or modern style are discovered later

Then it changes, if you have any of the old styles. Which is logical, because the game will automatically save the style there. And the style later upgrades. That in itself is no great innovation, but the trick is that you can set the civ to have modern cities without the required techs. Or industrial, which will (not tested that one though) upgrade to modern with the required techs.
This trick can allow good savings on the length of tech trees. Instead of giving one civ annoying techs, you can just set it here.

quote: How does that translate into the hex value we use, please?

it's an unprofessional way of talking. What I mean with .... ...1 is in hexadecimal 01 and .... ..1. is 02. So adding both of them would give .... ..11 which is 03. The . basically means that it can be any value but has no importance for this.
I have no experience with hex-editing before, so it's probably not the best way of making it clear, but I thought it worked pretty ok like this.

quote: Allard, hey some really GREAT work here! This should definitely be made a scenario league tip before it gets lost as an old forum post

I thought it handier to post it here. Reaches more people

quote: Allard: Great job! If you attach an example it would be even better

I'll leave that too others

[Harlan]

I answered my own question asked above:

What happens if you say, give a high total food value of a city siting in a desert? Will the game get wise at some point and recalibrate that number, leading to sudden starvation?

Unfortunately, it doesn't work. Changing this hex seems to have no effect at all, nor does changing the shields a city has. I guess the game must recalibrate this number as it loads, cos if the Rules.txt terrain stats change, these have to change too.

[Civfan]

Finally understand this hexedit thing. thanks Allard and everyone who discovered these tricks to the game. I finally fixed several problems I had in my scenario.

Civfan..

------------------
Read my Joke of the Day at Offtopic forum. Do it now or you will ummmmm who cares......

Holly****, i'm a prince now. Damn to much time spent on this game.

[Allard HS]

quote: Unfortunately, it doesn't work. Changing this hex seems to have no effect at all, nor does changing the shields a city has. I guess the game must recalibrate this number as it loads, cos if the Rules.txt terrain stats change, these have to change too

these kind of recalibrations seems to be so quite a lot if you make little "mistakes" at some places. Which is quite unfortunate, because some would, as what you are proposing, as far as I understand it, be quite interesting.

quote: Finally understand this hexedit thing. thanks Allard and everyone who discovered these tricks to the game. I finally fixed several problems I had in my scenario

[Panda]

Well, good news.

Now that I finally figured out that it was a reference to binary values I've realised that both the civ's technologies and city improvements are both stored as binary numbers. Thanks, Allard.

Good news: found the starting locations for each civs technologies and gold:

CIV	MONEY	TECHNOLOGY
BARBARIAN	2280+2281 ( 8E8)	2366 ( 93E)
1	3708 ( E7C)	3794 ( ED2)
2	5136 (1410)	5222 (1466)
3	6564 (19A4)	6650 (19FA)
4	7992 (1F38)	8078 (1F8E)
5	9420 (24CC)	9506 (2522)
6	10848 (2A60)	10934 (2AB6)
7	12276 (2FFA)	12362 (304A)

Bad news: editing the barbarian's technology is not so straight-foward, which was the whole point of the investigation.

Bad news: the city information (in FW at least) only contains 84 bytes, not 88, so there is no index number for the city included within this space. Byte 86 in the above list is simply the vertical coordinates of the next city.

------------------
"The man who can smile when things go wrong has thought of someone he can blame it on"

[Allard HS]

Damn! I just found out exactly the same about techs and money today! Well, also some more things fortunately. I'll post it tomorrow if i got any time left.

[Allard HS]

I updated the list today, in the first post on the topic. To make it more clear what has been added, here are the new things I found out.

LAYOUT OF A SAVED GAME:
=======================
     Hex offsets are given, until map information, from where
     the values are no longer fixed.

   00 -   2F = toggled options, various player settings
   30 -  247 = unidentified or empty
  248 -  8E5 = 7 blocks of each F2 bytes long with city style
               information, leader and tribe names for all 7 civs
  8E6 - 3585 = 8 blocks of each 593 (in hex) bytes long with
               various information, like money and techs (a lot
               still unidentified) for all 8 civs (incl. barbarians)
 3586 - 3594 = map header information
  ...        = map data block 1 (continues a very long time)
  ...        = map data block 2 (quite long too)
  ...        = map data block 3 
  ...        = unit information
  ...        = city information
  ...        = unidentified, and other info such as where the
               screen is centred or the cursor is located
  ...        = a bit of text on how the scenario is called, and
               probably a bit of history (who's wiped out, etc.)
  ...        = event stuff (starts with EVNT, easy to find)

START OF SAVED GAME FILE:
=========================

A     : ---27 : Conflicts in Civilization or lower
        ---28 : Fantastic Worlds (2.7.81)
        ---2C : Multiplayer Gold

22-23 = specifies which unit is selected at start of the game
         (you can find the unit id number by playing another civ, revealing
         the map and right clicking on the unit. On the right, the id is
         shown between parentheses)

TRIBES:
=======
   (source unknown)

The information is stored in 7 blocks (not for barbarians) of F2 length.
The blocks start and end at:
 248-339 - 1st block
 33A-42B - 2nd   "
 42C-51D - 3rd   "
 51E-60F - 4th   "
 610-701 - 5th   "
 702-7F3 - 6th   "
 7F4-8E5 - 7th   "

These 7 blocks are all filled with 00's except for a few names and numbers.
These are:

       City Style        - directly at start of block, one byte long
       Leader Name       - 3rd byte from start (eg. 250, 341..), 23 bytes long
       Tribe Name        - 1Ath (26th in decimals) byte from start, 23 bytes long
       Adjective         - 32th (50th in decimals) byte from start, 23 bytes long

note: City Styles can be any city style, including industrial and modern,
      even though without the required advances.
      You can even fill in higher numbers here, which however produce
      strange effect (as it does everywhere) and may cause the game to
      crash.

TECHNOLOGIES & MONEY:
=====================

Byte 8EF until 3585 is devided in 8 blocks of each 593 bytes. Each of
these blocks contain information specific for each civ, such as techs
and money. A lot more in these blocks has as yet not been idendified.

The blocks all start at these offset bytes:
Block of 0th civ:  8E6 -  E79     (barbarians)
 "       1st civ:  E7A - 140D
 "       2nd civ: 140E - 19A1
 "       3rd civ: 19A2 - 1F35
 "       4th civ: 1F36 - 24C9
 "       5th civ: 24CA - 2A5D
 "       6th civ: 2A5E - 2FF1
 "       7th civ: 2FF2 - 3585

Counted from the start of each block:
 note: the number given here are all hexadecimals, so the
       16th byte in hexadecimal is the 22nd in decimal.

byte 2  - Gender. Male=00 Female=02

byte 3  - Money. The barbarians' money is also changeable.

byte B  - Tech which is being researched. FF if cleared or no goal.

byte 16 - Government. Valid values are 00-07 (though 07 does
          not normally exist). A value of 08 or higher causes
          the game to crash. 00 is of course Anarchy, 01 is
          Despotism, etc.

byte 1F - Reputation

byte 25-40 - Treaties. 4 bytes for the treaties with all 7
             civs (including their own civ).

                1st byte: .... ...1 - contact
                          .... ..1. - cease fire
                          .... .1.. - peace
                          .... 1... - alliance (with peace always)
                          ...1 .... - vendetta
                          1... .... - embassy
                2nd byte: ..1. .... - war
                          .... .1.. - ???? used by game
                3rd byte: ..1. .... - ???? used by game
                4th byte:             ????
                then the 1st byte for the next civ, for all 7 civs.

             note: you can also combine them, eg. war and alliance
                   at the same time. They will repair your units,
                   but talk with you as if in war. Some more strange
                   effects.

byte 42-48 - Attitudes. Byte 42 is attitude to 1st player,
             43 is to 2nd player, etc.

byte 59-64 - Technologies. B (11) bytes long.
   To explain how the bytes work, an example of the first
   technology byte:
     .... ...1 : 1st technology
     .... ..1. : 2nd    "
     .... .1.. : 3rd    "
     .... 1... : 4th    "
     ...1 .... : 5th    "
     ..1. .... : 6th    "
     1... .... : 7th    "
   In the next byte are the 8th-14th technolgy. Note that for
   some reason the .1.. .... is left out. This is not the case
   in each of these bytes, though. I don't know why.
   Though it's fun to know how it works, it is much much easier
   to set techs using the cheat menu.

byte 3E5-3F2 - last contact with civs. First two to 1st civ,
               3rd and 4th for 2nd civ, etc.
               FF FF if not available, 01 00 for 1, etc.
            note: It may be that the FF FF in byte 3E3 and 3E4
                  are for last contact with barbarians, but that
                  is not verifiable.

OTHER
=====

- 3c-3f bytes after the last city has been finished are the coordinates of the cursor

[Panda]

This is going v. well. I'm trying to beef up my barbarian power with some basic technologies. Now I have got to try and see if establishing diplomatic relations works

I think I found something odd about one of the city information bytes, and I'm also trying to see what effects ending the very first turn has, because as you know you can capture all of a civs gold from any city on the very first turn but never afterwards. I'll post again when I know anything concrete.

I wonder if Civfan has come up with anything new.

------------------
"The man who can smile when things go wrong has thought of someone he can blame it on"

[Harlan]

More great stuff you're doing, guys.

One question: has anyone seen where the pollution/global warming related hexes are? I wonder if this is one area where one could fool the computer, delaying the onset of global warming, perhaps even starting the game with negative numbers in the counter towards global warming.

[blackclove]

Two things occur to me as I review this:

1) You could periodically reset the tech level to zero and build an entirely new rules.txt file with a new tech tree. Simply read off, say, the twenty most advanced technologies on your "ancient tech tree" and make them the FIRST twenty technologies of your "industrial tech tree". Then for each tribe set the appropriate starting techs. Anyone who was more techs behind than that gets an instant "tech leap".

2) You could also simultaneously scan for ALL outdated units (e.g., militiamen) and replace them with an equivalent modern unit. For example, when the late modern age starts, you might turn all ancient units in every civilization to riflemen. After all, nowadays even the most pathetic nation has riflemen of some sort. This would let you start the units file over again with an entirely new set of units.

Does anyone know the formula for the number of lightbulbs required for a tech advance? If one were to create such a modpack then this would become important. Because the cost of discovering a new tech seems to depend on the number of techs you already have, you'd need to either set the changeover to occur at times of "rapid innovation" like the Renaissance and the Modern Age, or else strategically change the tech paradigm for the scenario at the same time.

I think I'm starting to drool....

[Archangel]

Does anyone know if you can hex edit a save file to change the number of units allowed in the game at once?