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"I have never killed a man, but I have read many obituaries with great pleasure." - Clarence Darrow
"I didn't attend the funeral, but I sent a nice letter saying I approved of it." - Mark Twain
Originally posted by Serb
It was Russians who discoverd LASER first.
Go to Wiki.
History
[edit] Foundations
In 1917, Albert Einstein in his paper Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung (On the Quantum Theory of Radiation), laid the foundation for the invention of the laser and its predecessor, the maser, in a ground-breaking rederivation of Max Planck's law of radiation based on the concepts of probability coefficients (later to be termed 'Einstein coefficients') for the absorption, spontaneous, and stimulated emission.
In 1928, Rudolph W. Landenburg confirmed the existence of stimulated emission and negative absorption.[3]
In 1939, Valentin A. Fabrikant (USSR) predicted the use of stimulated emission to amplify "short" waves.[4]
In 1947, Willis E. Lamb and R. C. Retherford found apparent stimulated emission in hydrogen spectra and made the first demonstration of stimulated emission.[5]
In 1950, Alfred Kastler (Nobel Prize for Physics 1966) proposed the method of optical pumping, which was experimentally confirmed by Brossel, Kastler and Winter two years later.[6]
The first working laser was demonstrated in May 1960 by Theodore Maiman at Hughes Research Laboratories.
Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Physics, at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive.
From Britannica:
Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Prokhorov
Soviet physicist who, with Nikolay G. Basov and Charles H. Townes, won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1964 for fundamental research in quantum electronics that led to the development of the maser and laser.
Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Prokhorov was a Soviet physicist who, with Nikolay G. Basov and Charles H. Townes, won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1964 for fundamental research in quantum electronics that led to the development of the maser and laser. Prokhorov’s father was involved in revolutionary
Nikolay Gennadiyevich Basov
Soviet physicist, one of the founders of quantum electronics, and a corecipient of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1964, with Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Prokhorov of the Soviet Union and Charles H. Townes of the United States, for research leading to the development of both the maser and the laser.
Nikolay Basov was a Soviet physicist, one of the founders of quantum electronics, and a corecipient of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1964, with Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Prokhorov of the Soviet Union and Charles H. Townes of the United States, for research leading to the development of both the maser
Now from your Wiki article:
In 1953, Charles H. Townes and graduate students James P. Gordon and Herbert J. Zeiger produced the first microwave amplifier, a device operating on similar principles to the laser, but amplifying microwave rather than infrared or visible radiation. Townes's maser was incapable of continuous output. Nikolay Basov and Aleksandr Prokhorov of the Soviet Union worked independently on the quantum oscillator and solved the problem of continuous output systems by using more than two energy levels and produced the first maser. These systems could release stimulated emission without falling to the ground state, thus maintaining a population inversion. In 1955 Prokhorov and Basov suggested an optical pumping of multilevel system as a method for obtaining the population inversion, which later became one of the main methods of laser pumping.
Townes, Basov, and Prokhorov shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1964 "For fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle".
Unlike a nuclear weapon, the bomb doesn't hurt the environment, he added.
Wrong translation.
He said it doesn't contaminate the enviroment (nuclear pollution).
However after explosion the enviroment looks like a Moon surface (no kidding).
"I have never killed a man, but I have read many obituaries with great pleasure." - Clarence Darrow
"I didn't attend the funeral, but I sent a nice letter saying I approved of it." - Mark Twain
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