I think this needs to be looked at from two angles.
First of all, if a unit has a lot of XP that it has gained, then it seems safe to assume that if you're considering an upgrade then it is as opposed to simply retiring that unit and building a new one.
So then, if that unit lost just a few XP (more if it has to be upgraded through several stages) in retraining then it would still have enough left to make it worthwhile to upgrade.
However, that retraining would have to take some time. And, depending again on the differences between original unit and upgraded unit, some hammers - for example, those vehicles that your mobile infantry have learned how to use aren't free.
IMO the opportunity cost here is that the city which could be producing a new unit is instead busy with retraining and retooling a unit which will temporarily be out of action.
In MOO2 btw, if you had a ready design for a ship type, you could upgrade without going to the design screen. Fastest upgrades ever
First of all, if a unit has a lot of XP that it has gained, then it seems safe to assume that if you're considering an upgrade then it is as opposed to simply retiring that unit and building a new one.
So then, if that unit lost just a few XP (more if it has to be upgraded through several stages) in retraining then it would still have enough left to make it worthwhile to upgrade.
However, that retraining would have to take some time. And, depending again on the differences between original unit and upgraded unit, some hammers - for example, those vehicles that your mobile infantry have learned how to use aren't free.
IMO the opportunity cost here is that the city which could be producing a new unit is instead busy with retraining and retooling a unit which will temporarily be out of action.
In MOO2 btw, if you had a ready design for a ship type, you could upgrade without going to the design screen. Fastest upgrades ever
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